Our 4 leading UK universities are undertaking state-of-the-art research in the following areas:

• Surrey are collecting data on social energy practices and the uptake of new technologies to develop an agent based model of household energy demand.

• UCL are building a new energy systems model (UKTM) and are extending this to include endogenous technological change, non-price behaviour, temporal and spatial factors, and macro-economic linkages

• Cambridge are building a resource simulation model (UK Foreseer) and adding land, water and critical materials flows to understand trade-offs and constraints

• Imperial are incorporating spatial and temporal detail, linking with flexible storage options, and combining with infrastructure decision making within a whole energy system context